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Installing & Configuring VSftpd

Installing & Configuring VSftpd

Applicable to Centos Versions:

• Centos 5.x
• Centos 6.x

Requirements

Explanation of requirements.

1. Root access to your server
2. Server running Centos 5.x or 6.x

Doing the Work

Basic description of what will be done and what is expected.

1. Install VSftpd and add a user:

yum install vsftpd
useradd ftpuser
passwd ftpuser

2. Configure VSftpd:

vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

Change these options to your liking, when finished making any changes here, restart the vsftpd service so they take effect.


# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

#

# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file

# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.

# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.

#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.

# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's

# capabilities.

#

# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).

anonymous_enable=YES

#

# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.

local_enable=YES

#

# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.

write_enable=YES

#

# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,

# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)

local_umask=022

#

# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only

# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will

# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.

#anon_upload_enable=YES

#

# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create

# new directories.

#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES

#

# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they

# go into a certain directory.

dirmessage_enable=YES

#

# The target log file can be vsftpd_log_file or xferlog_file.

# This depends on setting xferlog_std_format parameter

xferlog_enable=YES

#

# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).

connect_from_port_20=YES

#

# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by

# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not

# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES

#chown_username=whoever

#

# The name of log file when xferlog_enable=YES and xferlog_std_format=YES

# WARNING - changing this filename affects /etc/logrotate.d/vsftpd.log

#xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog

#

# Switches between logging into vsftpd_log_file and xferlog_file files.

# NO writes to vsftpd_log_file, YES to xferlog_file

xferlog_std_format=YES

#

# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.

#idle_session_timeout=600

#

# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.

#data_connection_timeout=120

#

# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the

# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.

#nopriv_user=ftpsecure

#

# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not

# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,

# however, may confuse older FTP clients.

#async_abor_enable=YES

#

# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore

# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII

# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.

# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service

# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd

# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the

# raw file.

# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.

#ascii_upload_enable=YES

#ascii_download_enable=YES

#

# You may fully customise the login banner string:

#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.

#

# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently

# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.

#deny_email_enable=YES

# (default follows)

#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails

#

# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home

# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of

# users to NOT chroot().
#chroot_list_enable=YES

# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list

#

# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by

# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large

# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume

# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.

#ls_recurse_enable=YES

#

# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and

# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction

# with the listen_ipv6 directive.

listen=YES

#

# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. To listen on IPv4 and IPv6

# sockets, you must run two copies of vsftpd whith two configuration files.

# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!

#listen_ipv6=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES

3. Add the bolded lines below as shown and restart iptables:

service iptables stop

(assumes your ftp server has an IP of: 192.168.0.1. If not, change this IP.)

iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s 0/0 --sport 1024:65535 -d 192.168.0.1 --dport 21 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -s 192.168.0.1 --sport 21 -d 0/0 --dport 1024:65535 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s 0/0 --sport 1024:65535 -d 192.168.0.1 --dport 1024:65535 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT

iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -s 192.168.0.1 --sport 1024:65535 -d 0/0 --dport 1024:65535 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -s 192.168.0.1 --sport 20 -d 0/0 --dport 1024:65535 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT

iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s 0/0 --sport 1024:65535 -d 192.168.0.1 --dport 20 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables-config

# Load additional iptables modules (nat helpers)
#   Default: -none-
# Space separated list of nat helpers (e.g. 'ip_nat_ftp ip_nat_irc'), which
# are loaded after the firewall rules are applied. Options for the helpers are
# stored in /etc/modprobe.conf.
IPTABLES_MODULES="ip_conntrack_netbios_ns"
IPTABLES_MODULES="ip_conntrack_ftp"

service iptables start

4. Set VSftpd to start on boot and start it right now:

chkconfig --level 23 vsftpd on && service vsftpd start

Troubleshooting / How To Test

Explanation troubleshooting basics and expectations.

1. Make sure VSftpd is set to start at boot time and is running:

chkconfig --list | grep vsftpd; service vsftpd status

2. Check the firewall to make sure the required data and command ports are open and the correct modules are loading:

service iptables status; grep ip_conntrack_ftp /etc/sysconfig/iptables-config